showstack / glossary / hrtf
HRTF 頭部相關傳輸函數
Head-related transfer function: the filtering a listener’s head, torso and outer ear impose on a sound before it reaches the eardrum. Interaural time and level differences only ever resolve left and right; it is the notches the pinna carves into the spectrum that carry elevation and front-versus-behind. The filters are individual, so a generic HRTF gives someone else’s localisation and is the usual cause of front-back confusion in binaural rendering.
中文
頭部相關傳輸函數：聲音抵達耳膜之前，受聽者頭部、軀幹與外耳所施加的濾波效果。雙耳時間差與 強度差只能判別左右；真正承載仰角與前後訊息的，是耳廓在頻譜上刻出的凹陷。這組濾波器因人而 異，因此通用 HRTF 給的是別人的定位能力，也正是雙耳算繪中前後混淆的主因。
Regional usage
| Where | Term | Note |
|---|---|---|
| UK / US | HRTF | |
| HK / TW | HRTF | The acronym travels; 頭部相關傳輸函數 is written, not spoken. |
Easy to get wrong
Binaural and stereo are not the same thing. Binaural encodes a full sphere through HRTF filtering and assumes headphones; stereo encodes a pair of loudspeaker feeds.
Sources
- ITU-R BS series recommendations on sound systems and assessment — International Telecommunication Union primary
Understand the mechanism
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